A Step-by-Step Guide to Applying for SNAP Benefits
SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) can be a valuable resource for older adults facing food insecurity. While the process can seem daunting, here's a guide to help:
Determine Eligibility:
SNAP has special rules that make it easier for older adults to qualify.
older adults may qualify even if they own a home or car, or have savings.
Gather Necessary Documents:
Identification (driver's license, state ID, etc.)
Proof of income (Social Security statements, pension, etc.)
Proof of expenses (rent/mortgage, utilities, medical bills)
Social Security numbers for all household members applying
Apply:
TIP: Reach out to the local Feeding America food bank, most of whom offer SNAP assistance. Additionally, Area Agency on Aging help lines generally provide SNAP application assistance. Both will help applicants through the entire process.
Online: Most states allow online applications. Visit the USDA's SNAP website to find your state's application portal.
In-person: Visit your local SNAP office. Use the USDA's local office locator to find the nearest one.
By phone: Call your state's SNAP hotline to apply over the phone.
By mail: Download and print an application, then mail it to your local SNAP office.
Interview:
Most states require an interview, which can often be done by phone.
If your loved one has difficulty leaving home, see if your state can accommodate a request for a home visit or phone interview.
Receive the Decision:
You should receive a decision within 30 days.
Most applicants will be notified by mail of the decision and/or if more documentation is needed.
If approved, benefits will be distributed to you. This varies state by state, it could be a cash distribution or via an EBT card.
Using SNAP Benefits:
SNAP can be used at most grocery stores and many farmers markets.
Some states allow online grocery purchases with SNAP.
Recertification:
SNAP benefits need to be recertified periodically, usually every 12-36 months for older adults.
Tips for an Easier Process:
Use the NCOA's BenefitsCheckUp tool to see if your loved one might qualify for SNAP and other benefits.
Reach out to local senior centers or Area Agencies on Aging for application assistance.
Remember, SNAP is a program designed to help. If the process seems overwhelming, don't hesitate to ask for help from local SNAP outreach workers or social services departments.
Medicare and Medicaid Nutrition Services
Medicare and Medicaid can be valuable resources for nutrition services:
Medicare Coverage:
Medicare Part B covers medical nutrition therapy (MNT) for beneficiaries with diabetes, kidney disease, or who have had a kidney transplant within the last 36 months.
MNT includes nutritional assessment, one-on-one counseling, and follow-up visits with a registered dietitian or nutrition professional.
Medicare may also cover nutrition support therapies like enteral nutrition equipment and supplies when medically necessary.
Medicaid Coverage:
Medicaid coverage for nutrition services varies by state.
Many states cover medical nutrition therapy for various conditions.
Some states offer home-delivered meals or congregate meal services through Medicaid waiver programs.
How to Access:
For Medicare: Talk to your loved one's doctor about a referral for medical nutrition therapy if they qualify.
For Medicaid: Contact your state Medicaid office or visit their website to learn about covered nutrition services.
Additional Notes:
Medicare Advantage plans may offer additional nutrition-related benefits not covered by Original Medicare.
Some Medicare and Medicaid programs offer care coordination services that can help connect beneficiaries with nutrition resources.
Remember to check the specific details of your loved one's Medicare or Medicaid coverage, as benefits can change and may vary based on the specific plan or state.
References and Further Reading
The information in this guide is compiled from various reputable sources. For the most up-to-date and detailed information, please consult the following:
Feeding America - The State of Senior Hunger: https://www.feedingamerica.org/research/state-senior-hunger
National Council on Aging - SNAP and Senior Hunger Facts: https://www.ncoa.org/article/get-the-facts-on-snap-and-senior-hunger/
Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics - Food Insecurity and Health Outcomes in Older Adults: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26267444/
U.S. Department of Agriculture - Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP): https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program
Medicare.gov - Nutrition Therapy Services: https://www.medicare.gov/coverage/medical-nutrition-therapy-services
Medicaid.gov - Home and Community-Based Services: https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/home-community-based-services/index.html
National Institute on Aging - Healthy Eating and Nutrition for Older Adults: https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/healthy-eating-nutrition-and-diet/healthy-meal-planning-tips-older-adults
Administration for Community Living - Nutrition Services: https://acl.gov/programs/health-wellness/nutrition-services
Tufts University Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging - MyPlate for Older Adults: https://hnrca.tufts.edu/myplate
This information is researched, shared and updated by CareForTom.org.
With appreciation to John Sayles and Emily Cohen at Vermont Foodbank for fact-checking this resource.
Last Update: December 2024
©2024 Care For Tom Foundation and CareForTom.org